Creature Feature: Para Bellum
Written by: Zachary Mork, Naturalist at JNC
It is now the third month of our special Creature Feature series, in which we explore the meanings behind the names of each month. In doing so, we connect these meanings to examples of our diverse wildlife found throughout both Michigan, and the world. The third month of the calendar year is March. This one is fairly simple: March’s name refers to the Roman god of war, Mars. This month was specifically designated to describe this time of year (the end of winter and beginning of spring) because it is during this time, historically, where armies on both sides of any given war would transition from hunkering down during the winter months, to continuing their battle plans and campaigns with the coming of spring.
Throughout numerous cultures, many animals are revered for warrior-like traits that symbolize qualities such as strength, bravery, and wisdom, among many others. This month’s feature will incorporate three creatures that due to their high distinction in the animal kingdom, may very well need no introduction.
Gray Wolf (Canis lupus)
The largest wild canine found throughout the world, wolves are found across Europe, Asia, and North America. Depending on the region they are found in, their fur may vary in color, from grey, brown, black, and white. Wolves hunt during the night in packs, preferring to hunt for larger hooved animals. With enough members, they are capable of taking down animals as big as a moose! Due to the expansion of agriculture and the reduction of prey species like the American bison, the wolf population within the United States has significantly shrunk when compared to their historical range. Recent population estimates suggest there are over 700 wolves that roam Michigan’s Upper Peninsula.
American Black Bear (Ursus americanus)
A medium-sized omnivorous bear that dwells in the forests of North America, including the northern forests of Michigan. Despite their size and appearance, Black Bears are capable swimmers, climbers, and can run as fast as speeds of 30 miles per hour. For years, scientists assumed that bears were not “true hibernators” compared to other animals, such as the groundhog, because they did not meet certain criteria. However, updated research indicates that although bears do not overwinter exactly like other hibernating animals, like the groundhog, they are still able to significantly reduce their metabolism, thus making them a hibernator in their own way.
Common Raven (Corvus corax)
Our last creature is the Common Raven, which is found across much of the northern hemisphere. With very few predators due to their size, ravens are willing to defend their nest and young from other potential threats. Depending on the region, these birds may either be opportunistic omnivores, or scavengers that feed on carrion. Incredibly, when compared to all other birds, Ravens possess some of the largest brains in regards to problem-solving skills. This allows them to become inventive and use tools around their environment that may assist them in the problem that they are facing, such as a food object that is out of reach.
Gray Wolf (Canis lupus)
American Black Bear (Ursus americanus)
Common Raven (Corvus corax)